An Orthogonal Beamforming Network Synthesis Method Based on Complex Givens Rotation Matrix

This letter studies the possibility of synthesizing an orthogonal beamforming network (BFN) with arbitrary number inputs and outputs beam-shaping functions. The proposed synthesis approach is based on complex Givens rotation matrices realized through optimized program. First, it derived that a matrix can represent directional coupler corresponding power ratio phase difference. Then, this presents computer-aided program to synthesize BFN combines cascading techniques optimization algorithms, achieving beam shaping function. For validating approach, example 2×6 flat-topped radiation patterns for diversity application presented. accuracy efficiency make method beneficial in antenna array systems.